唐诗代表人物生平简介：白居易，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称

白居易（772年至846年）是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人之一，唐代三大诗人之一。白居易和袁震共同倡导新乐府运动，世名元白，与刘禹锡并称刘白。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，被称为诗魔和诗王。官员至翰林学士，左赞医生。公元846年，白居易在洛阳去世，葬于香山。白氏长庆集代代相传，代表诗歌有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。那么下面有趣的历史小编就为大家详细介绍一下白居易。让我们看看！

人物生活。

Bai Juyi (772-846) was one of the great realist poets of the Tang Dynasty and one of the three great poets of the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen jointly advocated the Xinlefu Movement, known as Yuan Bai, and liu Yuxi and liu Bai. Bai Juyi"s poetry has a wide range of themes, perse forms, and easy and popular language, and is known as the poetry demon and the poetry king. Officer to Hanlin Bachelor, Dr. Zuozan. In 846, Bai Juyi died in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan. The Bai Changqing Collection has been passed down from generation to generation, and its representative poems include "Long Hate Song", "Charcoal Seller", "Pipa Line" and so on. Then the following interesting historical editor will introduce Bai Juyi in detail for everyone. Let"s see!

Character life.

乱世出生。

唐代宗大历七年（772年）第一个月，白居易出生在河南省新郑市的一个世敦儒学中小官僚家庭。白居易出生后不久，他的家乡发生了一场战争。诸侯镇的李正本分裂了河南十多个州，战争使人们无法生存。白居易二岁时，任巩县长的祖父在长安中风，随后他的祖母死亡。白居易的父亲白季庚首先被宋州司机授予徐州彭城县县长（780年）。一年后，由于白季庚和徐州刺史，李伟坚守徐州，晋升为徐州。为了避免徐州的战争，他把家送到了宿州。白居易在宿州度过了童年。白居易聪明，努力学习。他的嘴上有疮，手上有茧。他很年轻，头发都白了。

Born in a troubled world.

In the first month of the seventh year of the Tang Dynasty (772), Bai Juyi was born in Xinzheng City, Henan Province, to a small bureaucratic family of Shi Dun Confucianism. Shortly after Bai Juyi was born, there was a war in his hometown. Li Zhengben of the princely towns pided more than a dozen states in Henan, and the war made it impossible for people to survive. When Bai Juyi was two years old, ren Gong County"s grandfather suffered a stroke in Chang"an, followed by the death of his grandmother. Bai Juyi"s father, Bai Jigeng, was first awarded the title of county magistrate of Pengcheng County in Xuzhou (780) by the Songzhou driver. A year later, due to Bai Jigeng and the History of Xuzhou Assassination, Li Wei insisted on Xuzhou and was promoted to Xuzhou. In order to avoid war in Xuzhou, he sent his family to Suzhou. Bai Juyi spent his childhood in Suzhou. Bai Juyi is smart and studies hard. He had sores on his mouth and a cocoon on his hands. He was young and his hair was all white.

官员生活。

806年，白居易放弃了学校的书郎。同年4月，我在体育运用科和第一名学习，并授予县（今西安周至县）船长。807年，他担任进士考官，集贤校理，授予翰林学士学位。808年，他任左拾遗，欢迎杨玉卿从妹妹成为妻子。810年，他被任命为京兆府户部参军。811年，他的母亲陈去世，离开丁忧，回到下营。814年，他回到长安，教王子左赞美医生。

任左拾遗时，白居易认为自己受到了喜欢文学的皇帝的赏识和提拔，所以他希望尽自己的职责回报自己的善良。因此，他经常写书和言语，写了大量反映社会现实的诗歌，希望弥补当前的政治，甚至当面指出皇帝的错误。白居易的书和言语容易被接受。然而，他的直接言语让唐宪宗感到不高兴，并向李江抱怨：白居易男孩，我很难提拔我的名字，对我不礼貌。李江认为这是白居易的忠诚，并建议宪宗广泛开放。

贬江州。

Official life.

In 806, Bai Juyi gave up the school"s shulang. In April of the same year, I studied with the first place in the Physical Education Application Department and was awarded the captain of the county (present-day Zhouzhi County, Xi"an). In 807, he served as an examiner for the advancement of scholars, and awarded a bachelor"s degree in Hanlin. In 808, he appointed Zuo Shiyi and welcomed Yang Yuqing from his sister to his wife. In 810, he was appointed to join the army of the Household Department of Jingzhao Province. In 811, his mother Chen died, leaving Dingyou and returning to Xiaying. In 814, he returned to Chang"an and taught Prince Zuo to praise the doctor.

When Ren Zuo picked up the will, Bai Juyi thought that he had been appreciated and promoted by the emperor who liked literature, so he hoped to do his duty to repay his kindness. Therefore, he often wrote books and speeches, and wrote a large number of poems that reflected the reality of society, hoping to make up for the current politics, and even pointed out the mistakes of the emperor to his face. Bai Juyi"s books and words are easily accepted. However, his direct words made Tang Xianzong unhappy, and complained to Li Jiang: Bai Juyi boy, it is difficult for me to promote my name, and I am not polite to me. Li Jiang believed that this was Bai Juyi"s loyalty and suggested that Xianzong open up widely.

Degrade Jiangzhou.

815年，宰相吴元恒被刺死。白居易上表主张严厉逮捕凶手，被认为是越职言事。后来，白居易被诽谤：他的母亲死于看花落井，但白居易有赏花和新井诗，这对著名教育是有害的。因此，他被贬为江州（今江西九江）司马。818年，白居易的兄弟白行简来到江州，与白居易相聚。当白居易被任命为忠州刺史时，白行简也和他的兄弟们一起追溯了河流。在路上，他们在黄牛峡遇到了袁震。三人相游的地方被称为三游洞。在忠州工作时，白居易在忠州东部的山坡上种花，并命名为东坡。同年冬天，他被任命为忠州（今重庆忠县）刺史，并于819年任命。820年夏天，他被召回长安担任尚书店门员外郎。

In 815, the chancellor Wu Yuanheng was stabbed to death. Bai Juyi advocated the severe arrest of the murderer, which was considered to be an overstepping of his duties. Later, Bai Juyi was slandered: his mother died watching the flowers fall into the well, but Bai Juyi had flower appreciation and Arai poems, which were harmful to the famous education. As a result, he was demoted to Sima of Jiangzhou (江州, in modern Jiujiang, Jiangxi). In 818, Bai Juyi"s brother Bai Xingjian came to Jiangzhou to meet Bai Juyi. When Bai Juyi was appointed as the Assassin of Chungju, Bai Xingjian also traced the river with his brothers. On the way, they met Yuan Zhen in Huangniu Gorge. The place where the three of them swim together is called the Three Tours Cave. While working in Chungju, Bai Juyi planted flowers on the slopes of the eastern part of Chungju and named them Dongpo. In the winter of the same year, he was appointed assassin of Chungju (present-day Chungju, Chongqing), and in 819. In the summer of 820, he was recalled to Chang"an to serve as a clerk in Shangshu shop.

虽然白居易的母亲去世了，但白居易早就有很多咏花作品。根据宋代的记录，新井的诗歌大约是在元和元年（新井的诗歌今天已经失去了），这表明这件事不能构成指控。他被降职的主要原因很可能与他写讽刺作品并冒犯当权者有关。降级江州是白居易生活的转折点：在此之前，他以帮助为目标，希望为国家人民做出有益的贡献；此后，他的行为逐渐转向独处。虽然他仍然关心人民的心，但他的行动没有过去的火花。然而，尽管白居易在江州并不成功，但他仍然可以平静地自在。他曾在庐山香炉峰北建草堂，与当地僧侣交往。

苏杭任职。

Although Bai Juyi"s mother died, Bai Juyi already had many yonghua works. According to Records of the Song Dynasty, Arai"s poetry was around the yuan and yuan years (Arai"s poetry has been lost today), which shows that this incident cannot constitute an accusation. The main reason for his demotion is most likely related to the fact that he wrote satirical works and offended those in power. The demotion of Jiangzhou was a turning point in Bai Juyi"s life: before that, he aimed to help, hoping to make a useful contribution to the people of the country; after that, his behavior gradually turned to solitude. Although he still cares about the hearts of the people, his actions have no sparks of the past. However, although Bai Juyi was not successful in Jiangzhou, he could still be at ease. He once built a grass hall in the north of Lushan Incense Burner Peak and socialized with local monks.

Su Hang served.

820年冬天，他转任主客郎中，知制高。821年，加朝散医生开始正式穿五品八色朝服(八色是朱色，是五品以上官员使用的颜色)。转入支柱国家，转入中书舍人。822年，白居易上书论当时河北的军事，没有被采用，所以他要求在其他地方工作。7月，他被任命为杭州刺史，10月。任内有修建西湖堤防、疏浚六井等政绩。824年5月，任太子左庶子分公司东都，秋至洛阳，在洛阳轨道上买房。825年，他被任命为苏州刺史，5月任命。826年因病去职后，他和刘禹锡一起参观了扬州和楚州。

在杭州刺史任期内，看到杭州有六口古井因年久失修，主持疏浚六井，解决杭州人人的饮用水问题。我还看到西湖堵塞了干旱的农田。因此，为了利于灌溉和缓解干旱造成的危害，我建立了《钱塘湖石记》，将湖泊治理的政策、方法和注意事项刻在湖边，供后人知道，这对杭州后来的湖泊治理有很大的影响。离开前，白居易将官方工资留在州库作为基金，以便后来控制杭州官员的官方公务周转，然后恢复原数。当基金一直运行到黄巢的混乱时，当黄巢到达杭州时，文件被焚烧并丢失，基金不知道该去向。

In the winter of 820, he was transferred to the position of chief guest langzhong and knew the commanding heights. In 821, Kasasa began to formally wear five-pin and eight-color imperial clothes (eight colors are vermilion, which is the color used by officials of five pins or more). Transferred to the pillar countries, transferred to Zhongshu Sheren. In 822, Bai Juyi wrote a book on the military of Hebei at that time, which was not adopted, so he asked to work elsewhere. In July, he was appointed Hangzhou Assassin, in October. During his tenure, he had achievements in building the West Lake embankment and dredging six wells. In May 824, Prince Ren left Shuzi branch Dongdu, autumn to Luoyang, to buy a house on the Luoyang track. In 825, he was appointed Assassin of Suzhou, and in May he was appointed. After leaving his post due to illness in 826, he and Liu Yuxi visited Yangzhou and Chuzhou together.

During the tenure of Hangzhou Thorn History, he saw that six ancient wells in Hangzhou had fallen into disrepair due to age, and presided over the dredging of six wells to solve the drinking water problem of the people of Hangzhou. I also saw west lakes clogging up arid farmland. Therefore, in order to facilitate irrigation and alleviate the harm caused by drought, I established the "Stone Record of Qiantang Lake", which engraved the policies, methods and precautions of lake governance on the lake side, so that future generations can know that this has a great impact on the later lake governance in Hangzhou. Before leaving, Bai Juyi left the official salary in the state treasury as a fund, so that he could later control the official turnover of Hangzhou officials, and then restore the original number. When the fund ran until the chaos of the Yellow Nest, when the Yellow Nest arrived in Hangzhou, the documents were burned and lost, and the fund did not know where to go.

西湖有白堤，两岸种有柳树。后人误说这是白居易修建的堤坝，叫白公堤。其实这个白堤在白居易来杭州之前就已经存在了，当时叫白沙堤，在白居易的诗中也很常见。

当白居易在杭州时，元贞也从宰相转到浙东观察使。浙东和杭州并不遥远，所以他们之间有很多回报诗。当白居易任满离开杭州时，元贞要求白居易交出所有作品，并将其编成《白氏长庆集》50卷。

在苏州刺史任期内，为了方便苏州的水陆交通，白居易挖出了一条从长七里西起虎丘东至长门的山塘河。山塘河北修建的道路叫七里山塘，简称山塘街。

晚年生活。

The West Lake has a white causeway and willow trees on both sides. Later generations mistakenly said that this was a built by Bai Juyi, called the Baigong Causeway. In fact, this white causeway already existed before Bai Juyi came to Hangzhou, which was called Baisha Causeway at that time, and it is also common in Bai Juyi"s poems.

When Bai Juyi was in Hangzhou, Yuan Zhen was also transferred from chancellor to eastern Zhejiang to observe the envoy. Eastern Zhejiang and Hangzhou are not far away, so there are many reciprocal poems between them. When Bai Juyi left Hangzhou, Yuan Zhen demanded that Bai Juyi hand over all his works and compile them into 50 volumes of the Bai Changqing Collection.

During the tenure of the Suzhou Assassins, in order to facilitate the water and land transportation in Suzhou, Bai Juyi dug up a Shantang River from Changqili west to Tiger Hill in the east to Nagato. The road built in Shantang Hebei is called Qili Shantang, referred to as Shantang Street.

Later life.

827年，白居易前往长安担任秘书监，配备紫金鱼袋，更换紫色朝服（三品以上官员使用的服装颜色）。828年，他被任命为刑事部侍郎，并被任命为晋阳县男子。829年春天，他因病被授予太子客人分公司，并返回洛阳轨道。830年12月，他被任命为河南尹。831年7月，元震去世。832年，他为元震写了墓志铭。元家为白居易润笔了60万或70万元。白居易将全部分配到洛阳香山寺。833年，他因病免除了河南尹，再次担任太子客人分公司。835年，他被任命为同州刺史，辞职。后来，他被任命为太子少傅分公司的东都，被任命为冯毅县侯，并留在洛阳。839年10月，他生病了。841年，太子少傅停止了工资。842年，他向刑事部的官员致敬，领取半薪。

晚年，白居易的生活大多反映了他穷则独善其身的人生哲学。844年，73岁的白居易为龙门地区阻碍船只的石滩付费。后来，他写了一首诗《开龙门八节石滩诗两首并序诗》，这首诗仍然反映了他对达则兼济天下的人生观。

In 827, Bai Juyi went to Chang"an to serve as a secretary and supervisor, equipped with purple gold fish bags and replaced with purple imperial clothes (the color of clothing used by officials with more than three pins). In 828, he was appointed as a squire in the Criminal Department and was appointed as a man of Jinyang County. In the spring of 829, he was awarded the Prince Guest Branch due to illness and returned to Luoyang Railroad. In December 830, he was appointed Yin of Henan. In July 831, Yuan Zhen died. In 832, he wrote an epitaph for Yuan Zhen. The Yuan family wrote 600,000 or 700,000 yuan for Bai Juyi. Bai Juyi assigned all of them to Luoyang Xiangshan Temple. In 833, he was relieved of Henan Yin due to illness and once again served as a branch of the Prince"s Guest Branch. In 835, he was appointed Assassin of Tongzhou and resigned. Later, he was appointed as the Eastern Capital of prince Shaofu"s branch, and was appointed Marquis of Fengyi County, staying in Luoyang. In October 839, he fell ill. In 841, the prince"s young master stopped paying. In 842, he paid tribute to the officials of the Ministry of Crimes and received half a salary.

In his later years, Bai Juyi"s life mostly reflected his philosophy of life of being poor and alone. In 844, the 73-year-old Bai Juyi paid for the rocky beach in the Longmen area that obstructed ships. Later, he wrote a poem "Open Dragon Gate Eight Sections of Stone Beach Poems two parallel poems", which still reflects his outlook on life of Daze and the world.

晚年，大部分白居易都是在洛阳的轨道上度过的，和刘禹锡一起唱歌，经常在龙门旅游。作为《池上》和《醉吟先生传》。845年，白居易74岁，仍在轨道上举行七老会。与会者包括胡高、吉明、郑据、刘震、卢珍、张浑和白居易；同年夏天，七老和尚如满，李元爽被画成九老图。晚年，白居易相信佛教，被称为香山居士。

洛阳安逝。

武宗会昌六年（846年）8月14日（9月8日），白居易在洛阳去世，享年75岁。他给了尚书右仆射，并在洛阳香山埋葬了他的头衔文。白居易死后，唐宣宗李晨写了一首诗来悼念他，他说：在玉联珠60年后，谁教冥路作诗仙？浮云不是名居易，它创造了一个无音乐。男孩解读了《长恨》这首歌，胡儿会唱《琵琶》。这篇文章充满了行人的耳朵。有一次，思清很伤心。有71卷《白氏长庆》。

In his later years, most of Bai Juyi spent time on the tracks of Luoyang, singing with Liu Yuxi and often traveling in Longmen. As "Ikegami" and "The Biography of Mr. Drunken Yin". In 845, Bai Juyi was 74 years old and was still holding the Seven Elders" Meeting on track. Participants included Hu Gao, Ji Ming, Zheng Zhao, Liu Zhen, Lu Zhen, Zhang Hun and Bai Juyi; in the summer of the same year, the Seven Old Monks Ruman and Li Yuanshuang were painted as the Nine Old Figures. In his later years, Bai Juyi believed in Buddhism and was known as a resident of Xiangshan.

Luoyang died.

On August 14 (September 8) of the sixth year of Emperor Wuzong"s reign (846), Bai Juyi died in Luoyang at the age of 75. He gave Shang Shu the Right Servant and buried his title Wen at Xiangshan in Luoyang. After Bai Juyi"s death, Tang Xuanzong Li Chen wrote a poem to mourn him, saying: After 60 years of Yu lianzhu, who taught the dark road to write poetry immortals? Floating clouds are not easy to live in, it creates a music-free one. The boy interpreted the song "Long Hate", and Hu"er would sing "Pipa". This article fills the ears of pedestrians. Once, Si Qing was very sad. There are 71 volumes of "Bai"s Changqing".